![]() Central venous pressure (CVP) measured with right-heart catheterization (RHC) is a commonly used surrogate to evaluate organ congestion 10, 11. The abdominal compartment, which contains the kidney, liver, splanchnic vasculature, gut, etc., has recently been focused upon in HF patients 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Heart failure (HF) is a widespread and serious problem that has been reported in many countries 1, 2, 3, and causes multiple organ dysfunction through a combination of reduced arterial perfusion and passive congestion. ![]() IRD imaging might be associated with cardiac output and right atrial pressure, and prognosis. In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, the combination of low VTI and a monophasic IRVF pattern was a predictor of cardiac events (P < 0.01). In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, cardiac event rate was higher in low VTI and monophasic groups (P < 0.01, respectively). ![]() Cardiac index was lower in low VTI than in high VTI (P = 0.04), and right atrial pressure was higher in monophasic than in non-monophasic (P = 0.03). We compared post-discharge cardiac event rate between the groups, and right-heart catheterization was performed in 166 patients. The patients were divided into groups based on (A) VTI: high VTI (VTI ≥ 14.0 cm, n = 231) or low VTI (VTI < 14.0 cm, n = 103) and (B) IRVF patterns: monophasic (n = 36) or non-monophasic (n = 305). Seven patients were excluded in VTI analysis due to unclear imaging. We performed a prospective observational study, and examined IRD and measured interlobar renal artery velocity time integral (VTI) and intrarenal venous flow (IRVF) patterns (monophasic or non-monophasic pattern) to assess intrarenal hypoperfusion and congestion in HF patients (n = 341). We aimed to clarify clinical implications of intrarenal hemodynamics assessed by intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography (IRD) and their prognostic impacts in heart failure (HF).
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